In the United States when people think of the care they'll receive during pregnancy and childbirth, most imagine going to a hospital to see an OB-GYN (doctor of obstetrics & gynecology). However, there are other types of providers who have chosen a different pathway to become equipped to care for women perinatally. The variations in backgrounds and pathways lead to different styles of care. Access to each type of provider also varies. Here we will explore the similarities, differences, type of environment these providers typically work in and how these factors impact the care they provide and what you can expect as a patient/client.
Midwives:
Midwives are typically trained to provide well women's and other gynecologic care throughout the life span, perinatal care (during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum), breastfeeding support, and newborn care. The road to midwifery is paved with various routes. The path followed depends on the persons background, intentions, and access.
Certified Nurse Midwife, CNM
This type of midwife has a background as a licensed nurse. To become a CNM one goes through midwifery school and obtains a masters or doctorates degree. Hands on clinical training usually occurs in hospitals, clinics and free standing birth centers. Length of programs vary depending on the school structure, part or full time enrollment, and desired degree. Regulations vary through the states, usually a CNM is required to have a collaborative relationship with a physician. This may be an OB-GYN or DO who specializes in womens health. Within a CNM’s scope of practice they are able to prescribe medications.
Certified Midwife, CM
A CM is a professional who has a healthcare background other than nursing. Education, training, and examination process is identical to CNMs.
Certified Professional Midwife, CPM
Classified as direct entry midwife. CPMs complete hands on training through an apprenticeship with an experienced CPM.
Lay Midwife
Lay midwives go through an apprenticeship with an experienced midwife but do not obtain certification or licensure.
Practicing this way is illegal in many states but laws vary.
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine:
A doctor of osteopathic medicine, DO, is a licensed physician that has gone through schooling with a more holistic approach.
A DO who specializes in women's health is licensed to provide prenatal care and attend births.
Obstetrician-Gynecologist:
Better known as OB-GYN, an obstetrician is a licensed medical doctor who specializes in perinatal care. Gynecologist specializes in women's care in adolescence, adults, and older adults.
Nurse Practitioner:
NPs who specialize in women's health are licensed to provide prenatal care. However, they are not able to attend births.
Conclusion:
Understand the different credentials and what they mean. Where you choose to deliver impacts the type of midwife you will have access to.
Peace & Love From Your Hippie Nurse
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